宗庆后：对解决世界经济发展的政策建议
2011年11月04日
来源：人民网-食品频道
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娃哈哈集团董事长宗庆后 |
人民网北京11月4日电 B20会议即商业20国集团会议，在G20(二十国集团峰会)期间同期召开，由20国集团中各国主要企业参加。今年G20峰会的轮值国为法国，故B20会议也同期在法国戛纳召开。会议主要讨论经济政策、金融法规、国际贸易系统、发展、反腐败等十一个主题。娃哈哈集团董事长宗庆后作为中国代表在会议上进行了发言。
以下为娃哈哈集团董事长宗庆后讲话全文：
解决世界经济发展的政策建议
——商业二十国峰会发言稿
中国。杭州娃哈哈集团有限公司董事长 宗庆后
2011年11月3日
Suggested Policies on Solving Problems of the Development of World Economy
B20 Summit Speech
Zong Qinghou， Chairman， Hangzhou Wahaha Group Co.， Ltd.， China
November 3rd， 2011
自从2008年美国次贷危机引发的世界金融危机，至今已经整整三年了，各国政府均经过了多方努力，但仍未能奏效，反而二次探底，问题更严重。究其原因，我认为是没有把这次危机的原因搞清楚，因而方法不对，而导致目前问题越来越严重。现本人对此提出一些不成熟的想法，若有不当之处，敬请各位批评指正。
It has been 3 years since the U.S subprime crisis triggered the global financial crisis in 2008. Each government has made unremitting effort in combating the crisis, but sadly the measures are not effective enough and the world economy is now on the verge of a double dip. In my opinion, the reason for the setback of overcoming crisis is that we haven’t actually understand the causes of the crisis, thus the measures we have taken are hardly correct and the situation is getting more serious.
一、经济危机发生的原因
1. The Causes of Economic Crisis
我认为经济的最基本原则是分工不同，相互交换而已，从原始社会开始，你打猎我种粮，你打猎获得多余的肉换我多余的粮，满足了大家的需求。直到现代社会这个原则实际上并没有变，无非是分工和交换更复杂了一点而已。而当前的经济危机实际上是创造财富与分配财富不平衡所造成的，创造财富的人少，分配财富的人多了，财富不足以分配，不能满足所有人的需要，就发生了经济危机。
I think the most basic principle of economy lies in the division of labor and exchange of goods. Since the primitive society, a hunter can exchange his extra prey for grain from a grain-planter, meeting the needs of both sides. Until modern society, this principle actually has not changed, only the division and exchange has become more complicated. In fact, the root of current crisis is the imbalance of wealth creation and distribution: there are less and less people creating wealth while more and more people demanding wealth; the wealth created is not enough to meet everyone’s need, thus it resulted in an economic crisis.
例如欧洲各国一直来实施了高税收高福利的政策，干活的和不干活的生活享受都一样，因此都不愿干活了，都不创造财富了。再说美国，一直在搞虚拟经济，不注重实体经济的发展，而虚拟经济是分配财富而不是创造财富，华尔街的金融炒家们通过各种金融游戏把市场上的钱都炒到他们口袋里去了，亦就是财富被他们掠夺了，所以就产生问题了。
For example, Europe has long adopted a high tax and high welfare policy. People who work or don’t work enjoy similar life standards, thus some people are unwilling to work anymore and the number of people who create wealth decreases. United States has long engaged in the development of virtual economy while ignoring real economy. Virtual economy cannot create wealth but only distribute wealth. The Wall Street speculators grabbed all the money in the financial market into their own pockets through various financial “games” and no doubt caused problems in the end.
而中国这些年主要亦是靠出口与投资拉动经济的发展，没有解决好分配问题，没有大幅提高老百姓的收入，内需不足，因此亦受到了世界经济危机的冲击。再加上世界上推行以WTO为代表的全球一体化经济，大家关注的是谁的成本低谁生产。结果发达国家均利用发展中国家的廉价劳动力去生产，导致发达国家不创造财富，发展中国家廉价为发达国家打工。而现在发达国家支付不起了，发展中国家也没有给老百姓增加收入，亦拉动不了内需，造成出口受阻，内需又拉不起，同样产生了问题。
While in China, the development in recent years is mainly driven by export and investment. The issue of wealth distribution is not well addressed and people’s income is still lagged behind. The lack in domestic demand indicates that China cannot avoid the adverse impact of global economic crisis. Additionally, the globalized world economy represented by the WTO focuses on the low cost of production. The developed countries are all making use of the cheap labor in developing countries to produce goods. As a result, the developed countries do not create wealth, while the developing countries are working for the developed countries. At the present stage, developed countries are not able to afford it anymore and developing countries have not enhanced the income of their people. The consequence is that developing countries now face a low domestic demand and a gloomy export outlook.
当前各国政府面对危机的主要办法是利用财政资金不断填补银行被金融炒家掠夺所造成的窟窿，我认为这是没有从本质上看清问题、解决问题，才造成目前这种状况。
Meanwhile, government in each country has not realized the nature of the crisis and the way to solve the crisis fundamentally, but was merely continuing exerting itself to patch the financial holes caused by financial speculators through public finance. It is all these factors that lead us to the current serious situation.
二、解决问题的政策
2. Policy for Solving the Problem
总体上应该是采取鼓励有钱人扩大投资、提供穷人就业的机会，鼓励穷人通过辛勤劳动致富，改善自己的生活。Generally speaking, the policies to be adopted should encourage the rich to expand investment and provide employment opportunities for the poor, and encourage the poor to improve their own life standard through their diligent working.
各国政府均应以解决就业为第一要务，美国经济大萧条时期，罗斯福总统以工代赈的办法解决了就业问题，很快恢复了经济就是一个例证。因此欧美发达国家政府不要被那些金融炒家们所迷惑了，亦不要再吵来吵去、争来争去而不拿出有力的措施去解决问题，让局面越来越恶化。特别是执政党与在野党，要站在国家利益上、全体老百姓的利益上，共同用正确的方法去解决当前的经济危机，而不要再站在自己政党与利益集团的利益上，阻挠用准确的方法去解决经济危机，否则世界会大乱，会给全球老百姓带来灾难。
The priority of each government should be to restore employment. During America’s great depression, the work relief program in President Roosevelt’s New Deal solved the unemployment problem and thus restored the economy in a short period of time. This best exemplifies the importance of employment. Therefore, governments in America and European countries should not be misled by the financial speculators, nor keep arguing over the issues without taking any effective measures to solve the problems, which would only worsen the situation. It is especially important for the ruling party and the opposition party to consider the interests of the whole nation and people and work collectively to solve the current economic crisis. If they continue to only consider the interests of the interest groups and themselves and dally with the crisis, they would only bring chaos and disaster to the world and people.
二是暂停WTO的有关游戏规则，各国自己解决自己的供需平衡、创造与分配的平衡，有多余的出口，有紧缺的进口，而不是强制各国开放市场加剧竞争。发达国家要放开高新技术产品的出口，你不放开出口，不扩大销售，你前期大量投入的科研开发成本，又怎么能收得回来，又如何能支撑你进一步开发更新、更高技术的产品？而发展中国家要扩大分配，提高老百姓的收入，拉动内需，少出点口，多增加点进口，这样整个世界经济就平衡了。同时亦体现了被大家忽视的WTO另外一条最重要的原则，即要保证充分就业，实际收入和有效需求的持续增长。
Secondly, the relevant WTO rules should be suspended for the moment. We should let each country to restore its balance between supply and demand as well as wealth creation and distribution, allowing countries to export when there are extra goods and import when there is shortage, but not forcing them to open the market and intensify competition. Developed countries should lift its control over the export of high-tech products, otherwise how can you recover your previous investment on research and development, and how can you support your further development on new products? At the same time, developing countries should expand the scope of wealth distribution and enhance the income of your people. This will stimulate domestic demand, which in turn will lessen export and increase import to some extent, contributing to the balance of global economy. This also embodies another often-ignored WTO principle, namely, to guarantee full employment and the constant growth of real income and effective demand.
世界各国尽管肤色不同、语言不同、文化不同，甚至政治体制不同，但我们共同生活在一个地球上，我们需要一个和平共处、各国老百姓都能安居乐业、共同发展、共同追求与创造一个美好生活的环境。因此考虑问题时不要总想牺牲别国利益，而获得自己利益，而应当通过大家受益的解决办法。
We all live in the same world, despite the fact that we bear different skin colors, use different languages, and immerge in different cultures and even different political systems. We all need a peaceful environment where people from all over the world can live and work in peace and contentment and where our common wish is to pursue and build a better environment for a better life. Therefore, when solving problems, one should not always consider sacrificing other countries’ interests to gain its own interest, but try to achieve a win-win solution.
因此希望世界各国的政治精英们，特别二十国的领导们能商议出一个解决当前世界经济危机的正确方法与政策，让世界早日走出经济危机的阴影，为世界人民造福。
In closing, I hope the world"s political elite, especially the leaders of G20, could come up with a correct way and policies to overcome the current global economic crisis, leading the world out of the shadow soon and benefiting the people all over the world.
附件：
中国最大的饮料企业——娃哈哈
Wahaha Group ：China’s Largest Beverage Company
娃哈哈诞生于1987年，经过24年艰苦创业，娃哈哈已发展成为拥有总资产45亿美元、员工3万余人，遍布全国150余家分公司，涵盖八大类150余个品种的中国饮料航母。
Founded in 1987, Wahaha has become the largest beverage company in China from 24 years of hard working. Today Wahaha has developed into an enterprise with total assets of 4.5 billion US dollars, and thirty thousand employees. Having 150 plants across the country，Wahaha’s products cover eight categories with over 150 varieties.
娃哈哈年产饮料1500万吨，2010年产值超86亿美元。各项经济指标已连续13年稳居中国饮料行业榜首。
Wahaha produces 15 million tons of drink annually and gained over 8.6 billion US dollars of revenue in 2010. It has remained the top one in China"s beverage industry for consecutive 13 years in respect of its outstanding performance.
娃哈哈拥有一支由博士、硕士和高级工程师组成的260余人的研发团队，拥有博士后工作站。娃哈哈研究院是国家级企业技术中心，分析中心已经通过国家实验室认可委员会评审，实现了“一次检测，全球承认”。
Wahaha owns a 260 R&D team consisting of doctoral graduates and high-level specialists, and the working station for post-doctoral study. Wahaha R & D Center is a state-level enterprise technical center, and Wahaha Analysis Center has been accredited by the National Accreditation Board for Laboratories to realize the target of global-recognized testing results.
娃哈哈拥有8000余人的销售团队，与10000余家经销商在全国形成了一张遍布神州大地的独特的营销网络。
娃哈哈还与IFF、恒天然、克朗斯、赫斯基、三星、杜邦、利乐等多个行业巨头建立了战略合作伙伴关系。
The success of Wahaha has been achieved through its unique nationwide marketing channel composed by an 8000-people sales team and 10000 distributors.Another key factor that made Wahaha’s success is the strategic partnership with many global industrial leaders such as IFF, Fonterra, Krones, Husky, Samsung, DuPont and Tetra Pak.
娃哈哈倡导以人为本，科学发展，让员工分享企业发展的成果，形成员工忠诚于企业，企业维护员工利益，企业和员工共成一家的企业文化，使企业更加健康快速发展。
Wahaha initiates people oriented corporate culture aiming at mutual development and benefit sharing by both the company and its people.
传递健康快乐——娃哈哈
WAHAHA, the company that delivers Health And Happiness.
